Do larger snags stand longer?—snag longevity in mixed conifer–hardwood forests in Hokkaido, Japan

Characteristics of snags containing excavated cavities in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests

Snags provide an important resource for a rich assemblage of cavity-nesting birds in the southwestern United States. To expand our knowledge of snag use by cavity-nesting birds in this region, we documented characteristics of snags with and without excavated cavities in mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws) forest in north-central Arizona. Snags were sampled in 113 s...

Clinical Pharmacy in Iran: Where Do We Stand?

Since late 1960s, pharmacists in the USA and England have started a professional movement towards a more efficient presence in clinical wards of hospitals. A similar movement has started in developed European countries during the past decade. Pharmacists are convinced of the need for them to play their role as drug consultants and pharmacotherapy advisers to make decisions on drug therapy probl...

Clinical Pharmacy in Iran: Where Do We Stand?

Since late 1960s, pharmacists in the USA and England have started a professional movement towards a more efficient presence in clinical wards of hospitals. A similar movement has started in developed European countries during the past decade. Pharmacists are convinced of the need for them to play their role as drug consultants and pharmacotherapy advisers to make decisions on drug therapy probl...

Characterization of sapoviruses detected in Hokkaido, Japan.

Age and growth of marbled sole Pleuronectoes yokohomae in Kikonai Bay, Hokkaido, Japan

Age and growth of marbled sole Pleuronectes yokohamae werer estimated from growth increments in otolith. The samples were collected with commercial set nets and an experimental bottom trawl net in Kikonai Bay and the nearby waters, southern coast of Hokkaido, from May 1994 to July 1995. Monthly changes in the percentage occurrence of oltoliths with translucent edge in one band and the marginal ...